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Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
06:09

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Published on: March 12, 2021

Rule for scaling shoulder rotation angles while walking through apertures.

Takahiro Higuchi1, Yasuhiro Seya, Kuniyasu Imanaka

  • 1Department of Health Promotion Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan. higuchit@tmu.ac.jp

Plos One
|November 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The central nervous system (CNS) adjusts shoulder rotations to maintain a safe passage margin when moving through apertures, especially when carrying objects. This visuomotor control prioritizes spatial clearance over simple aperture width ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Locomotion

Background:

  • Shoulder rotation amplitude is typically linked to aperture width relative to body width (critical ratio value).
  • The central nervous system (CNS) is thought to regulate these rotations based on this ratio.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if the CNS prioritizes creating a minimal spatial margin during aperture passage.
  • To explore this under conditions where passage width exceeds body width with an object.

Main Methods:

  • Eight participants walked through apertures of varying widths (critical ratio 0.9, 1.0, 1.1).
  • Participants carried horizontal bars of different lengths (0.5x, 1.5x, 2.5x body width).
  • Shoulder rotation angles were measured during passage.

Main Results:

  • Shoulder rotation angles decreased as bar length increased for each aperture width.
  • This contradicts the hypothesis that rotations solely depend on the critical ratio.
  • Results support a model where constant spatial margin is maintained.

Conclusions:

  • The CNS appears to control shoulder rotation amplitudes to ensure a minimal spatial margin at the body's side during aperture crossing.
  • This visuomotor control considers the combined width of the body and any carried object relative to aperture size.