[Maxillary sinusitis in children]

In children with nasal discharge the distinction between the group with a diagnosis of rhinitis and the group with a diagnosis of sinusitis was vague. Anamnestic data and findings at physical examination were not significantly different. There was hardly any relation between radiographic and echographic findings, the nature of the irrigation fluid, and isolation of pathogenic or non-pathogenic bacteria from cultures of nasal or sinus secretions. In our opinion there is no clearcut difference between rhinitis and simple sinusitis (i.e. mucositis of the maxillary sinus without empyema). Nor is this therapeutically relevant because both conditions are mostly features of a respiratory tract infection. It is therapeutically important, however, to differentiate between sinusitis without and sinusitis with empyema. The latter requires special treatment. None of the patients studied had a sinusitis with empyema. When a child has running nose there is no reason to look for a sinusitis when there are no clinical symptoms of empyema.