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Related Concept Videos

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions01:16

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions

Consider an external electric field propagating through a homogeneous medium. When the electric field crosses the surface boundary of the medium, it undergoes a discontinuity. The electric field can be resolved into normal and tangential components. The amount by which the field changes at any boundary is given by the difference between the field components above and below the surface boundary.
The surface integral of an electric field is given by Gauss's law in integral form and is related to...
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.
Boundary Conditions for Current Density01:25

Boundary Conditions for Current Density

Current density becomes discontinuous across an interface of materials with different electrical conductivities. The normal component of the current density is continuous across the boundary.
Echo01:06

Echo

The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
Imagine the sound is reflected back to the ears. Assuming that the source is very close to the human, the difference between hearing the two sounds—the emitted sound and the reflected sound—may be more than the minimum time for perceiving distinct sounds. If this is the case, then the...
Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.

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Evanescent Field Based Photoacoustics: Optical Property Evaluation at Surfaces
10:21

Evanescent Field Based Photoacoustics: Optical Property Evaluation at Surfaces

Published on: July 26, 2016

An immersed boundary computational model for acoustic scattering problems with complex geometries.

Xiaofeng Sun1, Yongsong Jiang, An Liang

  • 1School of Jet Propulsion, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China. sunxf@buaa.edu.cn

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|November 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A new immersed boundary computational model efficiently simulates acoustic scattering from complex shapes. This method uses direct body forces and distinct grids to accurately predict sound wave interactions with boundaries.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational fluid dynamics
  • Acoustics
  • Numerical methods

Background:

  • Acoustic scattering from complex geometries presents significant computational challenges.
  • Accurate simulation requires robust methods for handling boundary conditions in fluid domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an immersed boundary computational model for acoustic scattering problems.
  • To effectively treat wall boundary conditions as direct body forces for non-penetrating flow.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing two distinct discretized grids for the fluid domain and immersed boundaries.
  • Employing Lagrangian points for immersed boundaries and applying body forces to neighboring Eulerian points via a discrete delta function.
  • Implementing a fourth-order dispersion-relation-preserving scheme for spatial discretization and a low-dissipation Runge-Kutta scheme for temporal integration.
  • Applying a perfectly matched layer technique to absorb outgoing and incoming waves.

Main Results:

  • The model successfully handles acoustic scattering by complex geometries.
  • Validation against benchmark problems confirms the accuracy and efficiency of the computational aeroacoustic solver.
  • The immersed boundary approach effectively enforces non-penetrating boundary conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The presented immersed boundary method offers a powerful tool for simulating acoustic scattering.
  • The combination of distinct grids, body force treatment, and advanced numerical schemes provides accurate results.
  • This approach is suitable for analyzing complex aeroacoustic phenomena.