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Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS

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Published on: July 11, 2016

Sphingobacterium caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge.

Li-Na Sun¹, Jun Zhang², Qing Chen¹

¹Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, Life Sciences College of Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

|November 14, 2012

Summary

A novel bacterium, Sphingobacterium caeni sp. nov. strain DC-8(T), was identified from activated sludge. This Gram-negative bacterium exhibits unique biochemical and phylogenetic characteristics, distinguishing it as a new species within the Sphingobacterium genus.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Bacteriology
Taxonomy

Background:

Activated sludge is a complex microbial ecosystem.
Bacterial taxonomy relies on polyphasic approaches integrating phenotypic and genotypic data.
The genus Sphingobacterium comprises Gram-negative bacteria with environmental and industrial relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

To taxonomically characterize a novel bacterial isolate, strain DC-8(T), from activated sludge.
To determine if strain DC-8(T) represents a new species within the genus Sphingobacterium.

Main Methods:

Polyphasic taxonomic analysis including phenotypic characterization (Gram staining, motility, growth conditions, fatty acid profiles, menaquinone analysis).
Genotypic analysis involving 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic inference.
DNA-DNA hybridization to assess genetic relatedness with recognized species.

Main Results:

Strain DC-8(T) is a Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium with specific growth requirements (10-40 °C, pH 5.0-10.0, 0-5% NaCl).
Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain DC-8(T) within the genus Sphingobacterium, with high similarity (98.4%) to Sphingobacterium siyangense SY1(T).
DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain DC-8(T) and its closest relatives were below 70%, confirming its distinctiveness. Fatty acid composition and menaquinone analysis further supported its unique identity.

Conclusions:

Strain DC-8(T) is phenotypically and genotypically distinct from all known Sphingobacterium species.
The isolate is proposed to be classified as a novel species, Sphingobacterium caeni sp. nov.
The type strain for this new species is DC-8(T).