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Related Concept Videos

Rab Cascades01:25

Rab Cascades

Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
Schemas01:42

Schemas

A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
Robbers Cave04:49

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...
SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry02:23

SN2 Reaction: Stereochemistry

In an SN2 reaction, the nucleophilic attack on the substrate and departure of the leaving group occurs simultaneously through a transition state. As the nucleophile approaches the substrate from the back-side, the configuration of the substrate carbon changes from tetrahedral to trigonal bipyramidal and then back to tetrahedral, leading to an inversion in the configuration of the product.
If the substrate is an achiral molecule at the α-carbon, the inversion of configuration is not observed.
Rolling With Slipping01:14

Rolling With Slipping

Rolling with slipping is a physical phenomenon that occurs when a rolling object experiences both rotational and linear motion but also experiences frictional forces that cause slipping. This phenomenon can occur in various situations, such as when a tire rolls on a wet road or a ball rolls on a rough surface.
An object's rolling motion is characterized by its rotation around its axis, while linear motion refers to the object's translational motion along a surface. Frictional forces can affect...
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

A Flexible Platform for Monitoring Cerebellum-Dependent Sensory Associative Learning
11:32

A Flexible Platform for Monitoring Cerebellum-Dependent Sensory Associative Learning

Published on: January 19, 2022

Good-bye CRRT, here comes SLED? ... not so fast!

Michael Joannidis

    Critical Care (London, England)
    |November 15, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) offers hemodynamic stability and cost benefits for critically ill patients. A randomized trial found no significant difference in 90-day survival between SLED and continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Renal Replacement Therapy

    Background:

    • Continuous debate exists regarding optimal renal replacement therapy (RRT) for critically ill patients.
    • Hybrid RRT methods, like sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED), are gaining attention for combining benefits of intermittent and continuous therapies.
    • SLED potentially offers hemodynamic stability and cost-effectiveness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the 90-day survival rates of critically ill patients treated with SLED versus continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH).
    • To evaluate the efficacy of a hybrid RRT modality in the intensive care setting.

    Main Methods:

    • This study represents the first randomized trial comparing SLED and CVVH.
    • Patients were randomized to receive either SLED or CVVH.

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  • Outcomes assessed included 90-day survival.

    • Main Results:

    • The randomized trial found no statistically significant difference in 90-day survival between patients treated with SLED and those treated with CVVH.
    • This suggests SLED may be a viable alternative to CVVH.

    Conclusions:

    • SLED, a hybrid RRT modality, demonstrates comparable 90-day survival to CVVH in critically ill patients.
    • SLED offers potential advantages in hemodynamic stability and cost, warranting consideration in RRT selection.