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Intestinal volvulus in cetaceans
L Begeman1, J A St Leger, D J Blyde
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands. l.begeman@uu.nl
Veterinary Pathology
|November 15, 2012
Summary
Intestinal volvulus caused death in 18 cetaceans, primarily toothed whales. This condition involves twisting of the intestine, leading to acute illness and often fatal outcomes in marine mammals.
Area of Science:
- Marine Mammal Pathology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Intestinal volvulus is a critical gastrointestinal condition.
- It has been identified as a cause of mortality in various animal species, including cetaceans.
- Understanding its occurrence in marine mammals is vital for conservation and welfare.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify intestinal volvulus as a cause of death in cetaceans.
- To describe the pathological findings associated with cetacean intestinal volvulus.
- To explore potential predisposing factors and clinical signs for early diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case analysis of 18 cetacean deaths attributed to intestinal volvulus.
- Review of pathological findings from 11 global institutions.
- Analysis of available clinical histories and gross pathological descriptions.
Main Results:
- Intestinal volvulus was the cause of death in 18 cetaceans (8 species of toothed whales).
- Pathological findings included distended, congested, and edematous intestines with associated mesenteric and lymph node lesions.
- The cranial portion of the intestines was involved in 85% of cases, and predisposing factors were identified in 72% of cases.
Conclusions:
- Intestinal volvulus is a significant cause of mortality in toothed whales.
- Clinical signs include acute dullness, and pathological findings are consistent across species.
- Further research into predisposing factors is crucial for prevention and improved clinical management.
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