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Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
06:47

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Published on: May 4, 2018

1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D and coronary microvascular function.

Selene Capitanio1, Gianmario Sambuceti, Massimo Giusti

  • 1Nuclear Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
|November 16, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Active vitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) impacts coronary microvascular function. Lower levels of this vitamin D metabolite are linked to reduced coronary flow reserve (CFR), potentially explaining cardiovascular risks in certain metabolic disorders.

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Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
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Intradermal Microdialysis: An Approach to Investigating Novel Mechanisms of Microvascular Dysfunction in Humans

Published on: July 21, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vitamins and Metabolism

Background:

  • The active form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)(2)D, is known to regulate skeletal muscle blood flow.
  • Its role in coronary physiology and potential contribution to cardiovascular risk in mineral metabolism disorders remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether 1,25(OH)(2)D modulates coronary physiology.
  • To determine if impaired 1,25(OH)(2)D bioavailability contributes to cardiovascular risk in patients with mineral metabolism disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 23 patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Assessed myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve (CFR) using G-SPECT imaging and dipyridamole stress.
  • Measured serum levels of parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), and 1,25(OH)(2)D.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen patients were diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism.
  • Serum 1,25(OH)(2)D levels varied widely but correlated strictly with CFR (R = 0.8, p < 0.01).
  • Patients with 1,25(OH)(2)D below the median had significantly lower CFR compared to those with higher levels.

Conclusions:

  • Bioavailable 1,25(OH)(2)D plays a role in modulating coronary microvascular function.
  • Reduced bioavailability of 1,25(OH)(2)D may contribute to the elevated cardiovascular risk observed in conditions affecting mineral metabolism.