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Neuropsychological dysfunction in acute viral hepatitis.

M D Apstein, E Koff, R S Koff

    Digestion
    |January 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Viral hepatitis can cause neurological problems at any stage, impacting cognitive function and behavior. These issues may resolve or persist, independent of hepatitis virus type or severity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Hepatology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Neuropsychological dysfunction is a recognized complication of viral hepatitis.
    • The timing and nature of these dysfunctions can vary significantly.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the spectrum of neuropsychological dysfunction associated with viral hepatitis.
    • To explore the relationship between neuropsychological symptoms and hepatitis virus type, disease severity, and potential mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies investigating neuropsychological changes in viral hepatitis patients.
    • Analysis of reported neurological syndromes, their temporal relationship to hepatitis onset, and their outcomes.

    Main Results:

    • Neuropsychological symptoms can manifest before, during, or after the icteric phase of viral hepatitis.
    • Encephalitis and meningitis may precede hepatitis, while tremor syndromes often follow; Guillain-Barré syndrome and peripheral nerve disorders can occur anytime.
    • Abnormalities during the prodrome typically resolve, but those appearing after jaundice onset may persist.
    • No clear correlation was found between neuropsychological dysfunction and specific hepatitis virus types (B or non-B) or disease severity.
    • Proposed mechanisms include direct viral invasion and immune complex-mediated damage, though not definitively proven.

    Conclusions:

    • Neuropsychological dysfunction is a multifaceted complication of viral hepatitis with diverse clinical presentations and temporal patterns.
    • The underlying mechanisms of these neurological alterations remain unclear and warrant further investigation.

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