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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes00:46

Genomic DNA in Prokaryotes

The genome of most prokaryotic organisms consists of double-stranded DNA organized into one circular chromosome in a region of cytoplasm called the nucleoid. The chromosome is tightly wound, or supercoiled, for efficient storage. Prokaryotes also contain other circular pieces of DNA called plasmids. These plasmids are smaller than the chromosome and often carry genes that confer adaptive functions, such as antibiotic resistance.
Genomic Diversity in Bacteria
Although bacterial genomes are much...
Deep Sea Microbial Ecology01:18

Deep Sea Microbial Ecology

The deep ocean and its underlying sediments represent vast, largely unexplored microbial habitats that extend far beyond the sunlit photic zone. The photic (euphotic) zone typically spans the upper ~100–200 meters of pelagic waters in the open ocean, but its depth varies geographically and seasonally, where sufficient light supports photosynthetic life. Below this lies the deep sea, spanning roughly 1000–6000 meters (bathypelagic to abyssal zones), with deeper hadal trenches extending beyond...
Prokaryotic Cells01:28

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains — Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common microorganisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins.
Prokaryotic Cells01:51

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins.
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

An Aquatic Microbial Metaproteomics Workflow: From Cells to Tryptic Peptides Suitable for Tandem Mass Spectrometry-based Analysis
08:09

An Aquatic Microbial Metaproteomics Workflow: From Cells to Tryptic Peptides Suitable for Tandem Mass Spectrometry-based Analysis

Published on: September 15, 2015

Subpopulation-proteomics in prokaryotic populations.

Michael Jahn1, Jana Seifert, Martin von Bergen

  • 1Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department for Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.

Current Opinion in Biotechnology
|November 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Microbial cells exhibit heterogeneity due to various factors. Combining single-cell sorting with proteomics offers a powerful method to analyze subpopulations and understand cell behavior.

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Published on: September 15, 2015

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
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Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

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Label-Free Quantitative Proteomics Workflow for Discovery-Driven Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: October 20, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Proteomics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Clonal microbial cells display heterogeneity, forming subpopulations during cultivation.
  • Cellular heterogeneity arises from micro-environmental conditions, cell-intrinsic features (e.g., cell cycle, protein localization, epigenetics), and molecular noise.
  • Understanding this heterogeneity is crucial for microbial population dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in prokaryotic single-cell analytics.
  • To present a workflow combining cell sorting and low cell number mass spectrometry for subpopulation proteomics.
  • To elucidate the relationship between individual cell decisions and inherent protein profiles.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell sorting techniques for isolating microbial subpopulations.
  • Low cell number mass spectrometry for proteomic analysis of small cell samples.
  • Proteomics evaluation to assess protein profiles within distinct subpopulations.

Main Results:

  • The review highlights the utility of integrating cell sorting with subpopulation proteomics.
  • A practical workflow is outlined for analyzing single microbial cells and their proteomes.
  • This approach enables the study of protein profile dependencies in individual cell behavior.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of cell sorting and subpopulation proteomics is a valuable tool for dissecting microbial cell heterogeneity.
  • This methodology facilitates a deeper understanding of how protein composition influences individual cell fates.
  • Future research can leverage these techniques to explore complex microbial systems.