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Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
11:29

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study

Published on: August 15, 2025

Olfactory function in patients with and without temporal lobe resection.

Antje Haehner1, Sophia Henkel, Peter Hopp

  • 1Smell & Taste Clinic, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Germany. antje.haehner@uniklinikum-dresden.de

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B
|November 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Temporal lobe epilepsy patients show mild olfactory deficits pre-surgery, which worsen after temporal lobe resection. Olfactory function declines bilaterally, especially on the side of the lesion.

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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Anteromesial Temporal Lobectomy for Medically Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: An Operative Study
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A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function
10:42

A Free-breathing fMRI Method to Study Human Olfactory Function

Published on: July 30, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a common neurological disorder.
  • Olfactory dysfunction is a potential symptom and consequence of TLE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate olfactory function in TLE patients before and after temporal lobe resection.
  • To investigate olfactory performance differences based on the side of the epileptic focus and resection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Sniffin' Sticks testing device for comprehensive olfactory assessment (threshold, discrimination, identification).
  • Tested 13 pre-operative TLE patients, 22 post-operative TLE patients, and 35 healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • Pre-operative TLE patients without resection showed impaired identification compared to controls.
  • Post-operative TLE patients exhibited significantly impaired bilateral discrimination and identification.
  • Olfactory scores were lower on the lesion side compared to the non-lesioned side in post-operative patients.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory function is partially impaired in TLE patients pre-operatively.
  • Temporal lobe resection leads to further deterioration of olfactory abilities, particularly on the resected side.