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Updated: May 16, 2026

The Establishment and Utilization of Patient Derived Xenograft Models of Central Nervous System Metastasis
Published on: May 7, 2021
Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) masquerading as metastatic carcinoma with
Chirag Patel1, Prasanda Tirukonda, Richard Bishop
1Department of Radiology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom. chirag.patel@leedsth.nhs.uk
Abstract:
Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is a rare pulmonary disorder presenting with multiple pulmonary nodules in association with a typical mosaic perfusion pattern on computed tomography. In this case, the absence of mosaic perfusion led to an erroneous initial diagnosis of pulmonary metastases from an unknown primary malignancy. This illustrates the importance of considering differential diagnoses when presented with imaging findings compatible with pulmonary metastases from an unknown primary, and highlights the importance of histopathologic confirmation in such cases.
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