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Updated: May 16, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

Published on: May 16, 2025

Incisions for orbital floor exploration.

Nikisha A Kothari¹, Yash J Avashia, Benjamin T Lemelman

¹Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida, USA.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|November 17, 2012

Summary

Orbital floor fracture repair involves controversial incision techniques. This systematic review analyzes evidence for transconjunctival, subciliary, and subtarsal approaches to guide future orbital exploration guidelines.

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Plastic Surgery
Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

Orbital floor exploration and repair techniques are debated.
Historically, transconjunctival, subciliary, and subtarsal incisions are utilized.
Previous studies lack sufficient evidence and consistent methodology for definitive conclusions.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review literature on orbital floor repair incisions.
To assess the quality of existing evidence.
To recommend guidelines for orbital fracture repair incisions.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review.
Identification and analysis of 31 articles.
Review of 4688 orbital floor incisions.

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures

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Main Results:

Analysis of technique, benefits, and complications for each incision type.
Evaluation of evidence quality and methodological consistency.
Identification of parameters for future research.

Conclusions:

Further objective evaluation and standardized follow-up are needed.
Guidelines for orbital floor exploration incisions require more robust data.
Defining optimal surgical approaches remains an ongoing challenge.