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Related Concept Videos

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology01:29

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction01:14

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
09:01

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation

Published on: October 15, 2021

[Recent studies on intracranial stenosis].

I Q Grunwald1, S C Bertog

  • 1NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK. i.grunwald@gmx.net

Der Radiologe
|November 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Symptomatic intracranial stenosis poses a high stroke risk, with medical treatments proving insufficient. Further research into safer percutaneous interventions is needed to reduce stroke risk.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Interventional Cardiology
  • Medical Technology

Context:

  • Symptomatic intracranial stenoses carry a significant risk of stroke.
  • Current medical management, including antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies, offers limited risk reduction.
  • There is a critical need for alternative treatment strategies for these patients.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the potential of percutaneous intervention, specifically balloon angioplasty with or without stenting, for treating symptomatic intracranial stenoses.
  • To review the development and initial promise of intracranial stents.
  • To assess the outcomes of recent randomized trials investigating intracranial stenting.

Summary:

  • Percutaneous interventions using intracranial balloons and stents have been developed as an alternative to medical management for symptomatic intracranial stenoses.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
09:01

Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation

Published on: October 15, 2021

  • Early studies with dedicated intracranial stents showed promise.
  • However, a recent randomized trial reported a high rate of periprocedural complications with a self-expanding intracranial stent.

    • Impact:

    • Despite limitations in a recent trial, interventional options for symptomatic intracranial stenoses should not be entirely dismissed.
    • The findings emphasize the need for improved technology and patient selection to minimize procedural risks.
    • Safer interventional approaches could significantly reduce the risk of stroke in this challenging patient population.