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Complement activation involvement in decompression sickness of rabbits.

C A Ward1, D McCullough, D Yee

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada.

Undersea Biomedical Research
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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The complement system in blood plasma activates air bubbles, causing decompression sickness (DCS). Inhibiting this system prevents DCS symptoms in rabbits, supporting the complement hypothesis for DCS.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Immunology
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Decompression sickness (DCS) symptoms vary among individuals.
  • A hypothesis suggests the complement system mediates DCS phenomena, explaining susceptibility variations, acclimatization, and de-acclimatization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test predictions of the complement hypothesis for decompression sickness.
  • To investigate the role of the complement system in DCS susceptibility and adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Rabbits were exposed to a specific pressure profile to induce DCS.
  • Complement activation by air bubbles was measured in rabbits with and without DCS symptoms.
  • Pharmacological decomplementation was used to assess its effect on DCS susceptibility and acclimatization.

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Main Results:

  • Rabbits with DCS symptoms showed complement activation by air bubbles; those without symptoms did not.
  • Pharmacological decomplementation prevented DCS symptoms in previously affected rabbits.
  • Re-emergence of complement activity led to DCS symptom recurrence, demonstrating de-acclimatization.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental results support the complement hypothesis for decompression sickness.
  • The complement system's activation by air bubbles is a key factor in DCS.
  • Complement modulation offers a potential avenue for managing DCS and its variations.