Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 27, 2026

Assay for Adhesion and Agar Invasion in S. cerevisiae
04:36

Assay for Adhesion and Agar Invasion in S. cerevisiae

Published on: November 8, 2006

14.7K

Current understanding of HOG-MAPK pathway in Aspergillus fumigatus

Dongmei Ma1, Ruoyu Li

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, and Research Center for Medical Mycology, Peking University, No. 8 Xi-Shi-Ku St. Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.

Mycopathologia
|November 20, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway is crucial for Aspergillus fumigatus to adapt to stress and cause invasive aspergillosis. Components like Fos1 are virulence factors, suggesting potential fungicide targets.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathogen Biology

Background:

  • Aspergillus fumigatus is a significant opportunistic pathogen causing invasive aspergillosis.
  • Environmental stress adaptation is vital for fungal host invasion and spread.
  • The high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway regulates stress response and virulence in fungi.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functions of HOG-MAPK pathway components in A. fumigatus.
  • To focus on roles in stress adaptation, morphogenesis, and virulence.
  • To compare HOG pathway functions across different fungal species.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing mutant data for A. fumigatus.
  • Inferences from genome annotation.
  • Comparative analysis with model fungi and other pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Key genes like tcsB, fos1, skn7, sho1, pbs2, and sakA have characterized roles.
  • Fos1 is identified as a virulence factor in A. fumigatus.
  • Many HOG pathway genes (e.g., sskA, sskB, steC) remain poorly understood.

Conclusions:

  • HOG pathway components, particularly Fos1, are potential targets for novel fungicides.
  • Further research, including systems biology approaches, is needed for a comprehensive understanding of the HOG pathway.
  • The HOG pathway's role in fungal virulence highlights its importance in pathogenesis.

More Related Videos

Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis09:52

Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis

Published on: March 9, 2018

12.7K
Genome-wide Analysis of Histone Modifications Distribution using the Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing Method in Magnaporthe oryzae09:25

Genome-wide Analysis of Histone Modifications Distribution using the Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing Method in Magnaporthe oryzae

Published on: June 2, 2021

2.6K

Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)01:42

Microtubule Associated Proteins (MAPs)

Microtubule function and architecture are regulated by an array of specialized proteins called microtubule-associated proteins or MAPs. These proteins are widespread across different organisms and have conserved protein motifs, like the multi-TOG domain for tubulin binding found in the CLASP family of MAPs. Some MAPs are lineage-specific based on their conserved domains. Their functions depend upon the cytoskeletal architecture and cell type they are located within. In-plant cells, a specific...
4.7K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
7.4K
Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
4.7K
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
7.3K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
7.3K
Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota

Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
2.4K