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Related Concept Videos

DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the lytic replication...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Quantitative PCR of T7 Bacteriophage from Biopanning
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Published on: September 27, 2018

Target-specific copper hybrid T7 phage particles.

Siva Sai Krishna Dasa1, Qiaoling Jin, Chin-Tu Chen

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|November 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel copper hybrid T7 phage nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy. These engineered phages selectively target cancer cells, offering a promising new platform for medical imaging and drug delivery applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Target-specific nanoparticles are crucial in life and physical sciences for imaging, diagnosis, and therapy.
  • Phage particles offer a unique scaffold for displaying affinity reagents and hosting functional components, enabling precise control over nanoparticle structure and function.
  • Previous work utilized T7 phage capsids for synthesizing metal nanoparticles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize stable copper hybrid T7 phage nanoparticles using an intact T7 phage as a scaffold.
  • To incorporate peptide motifs for copper ion capture, conversion to copper metal, and targeting of cancer cells.
  • To evaluate the target specificity, stability, and cellular uptake of the developed nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered T7 phage to display peptides with hexahistidine (6His) for copper ion capture and cyclic Arginine-Glycine-Aspartic Acid (RGD4C) for cancer cell targeting.
  • Loaded phage particles with copper ions and reduced them to form stable copper metal hybrid nanoparticles.
  • Assessed nanoparticle stability under harsh conditions and evaluated selective uptake by cancer cells (MCF-7) versus normal cells (MCF-12F).

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized stable copper hybrid T7 phage nanoparticles with precisely controlled surface modifications.
  • Demonstrated efficient loading of copper ions even at low concentrations without compromising target specificity.
  • Showed that cancer cells selectively uptake copper hybrid T7 phage particles via ligand-mediated endocytosis, with normal cells showing significantly lower uptake.
  • Confirmed the structural integrity and stability of the hybrid nanoparticles under various conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The developed copper hybrid T7 phage nanoparticles represent a novel and stable platform for targeted delivery.
  • The precise control over nanoparticle composition and targeting offers potential for advanced applications in cancer therapy and diagnostics.
  • This phage-based approach provides a versatile strategy for creating functional nanomaterials with high specificity.