Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Lossless Lines

Lossless Lines

In electrical engineering, a lossless transmission line is characterized by a purely imaginary propagation constant and a resistive characteristic impedance. The ABCD parameters, which describe the relationship between the input and output voltages and currents, indicate an equivalent π circuit with an imaginary series impedance and a shunt admittance. This results in a transmission line that, when the product of the phase constant (beta) and the length of the line is less than pi, exhibits...

Traveling Waves: Lossless Lines

Traveling Waves: Lossless Lines

The provided content explores the behavior of traveling waves on single-phase lossless transmission lines. It begins with a single-phase two-wire lossless transmission line of length Δx, characterized by a loop inductance LH/m and a line-to-line capacitance C F/m. These parameters result in a series inductance LΔx and a shunt capacitance CΔx.

Propagation of Waves

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Boundary Conditions: Lossless Lines

Consider a single-phase, two-wire, lossless transmission line terminated by an impedance at the receiving end and a source with Thevenin voltage and impedance at the sending end. The line, with length, has a surge impedance and wave velocity determined by the line's inductance and capacitance.
At the receiving end, the boundary condition states that the voltage equals the product of the receiving-end impedance and current. This relationship is expressed as a function of the incident and...

Major Losses in Pipes

Major Losses in Pipes

When a fluid flows through a pipe, it experiences energy losses due to frictional resistance along the pipe walls, known as major losses. These energy losses result in a pressure drop, which varies based on the flow conditions — whether laminar or turbulent — and the specific physical properties of the fluid and pipe.
Fluid flow can be classified as laminar or turbulent, primarily based on the Reynolds number. This dimensionless number reflects the relative influence of inertial to viscous...

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages

Lossy Lines and Overvoltages

Transmission-line series resistance and shunt conductance cause three primary effects: attenuation, distortion, and power losses.
Attenuation
When constant series resistance and shunt conductance are present, voltage and current equations are modified. The propagation constant indicates that voltage and current waves consist of both forward and backward traveling components. These waves attenuate as they propagate, with the attenuation factor related to the resistance and conductance. In a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Theory of four wave mixing-based parametric amplification of spin-orbit modes.

Optics express·2024

Same author

Strong transient magnetic fields induced by THz-driven plasmons in graphene disks.

Nature communications·2023

Same author

Non-local polarization alignment and control in fibers using feedback from correlated measurements of entangled photons.

Optics express·2023

Same author

Dark current and single photon detection by 1550 nm avalanche photodiodes: dead time corrected probability distributions and entropy rates.

Optics express·2022

Same author

Nonlinear rotation of spin-orbit coupled states in hollow ring-core fibers.

Optics express·2022

Same author

Low-loss and ultra-broadband silicon nitride angled MMI polarization splitter/combiner.

Optics express·2020

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Simple method to characterize nonlinear refraction and loss in optical waveguides.

Jeremiah J Wathen¹, Vincent R Pagán, Thomas E Murphy

¹Laboratory for Physical Sciences, College Park, Maryland 20740, USA. wathenjj@lps.umd.edu

|November 21, 2012

Summary

This study introduces a new method to measure the third-order nonlinearity in optical waveguides. The technique accurately determines the ratio of imaginary to real parts without needing precise optical loss or pulse shape data.

More Related Videos

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Published on: August 30, 2012

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Fabrication And Characterization Of Photonic Crystal Slow Light Waveguides And Cavities

Published on: November 30, 2012

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor

Published on: August 30, 2012

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Characterization of Anisotropic Leaky Mode Modulators for Holovideo

Published on: March 19, 2016

Area of Science:

Nonlinear Optics
Materials Science
Optical Engineering

Background:

Third-order nonlinearity is crucial for all-optical signal processing.
Accurate characterization of nonlinear optical properties in waveguides is essential for device design.
Existing methods often require precise knowledge of experimental parameters, limiting their applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a robust and accurate method for measuring the ratio of the imaginary to real parts of third-order nonlinearity.
To provide a technique that is independent of coupling efficiencies, propagation loss, and pulse shape.
To characterize the nonlinear optical properties of various semiconductor waveguides.

Main Methods:

A novel measurement technique is presented.
The method relies on analyzing the nonlinear response of optical waveguides.
It bypasses the need for detailed knowledge of system parameters like coupling efficiency and optical loss.

Main Results:

The technique accurately measures the ratio of the imaginary and real parts of third-order nonlinearity.
The method was successfully applied to silicon, GaAs, and AlGaAs waveguides.
Characterization revealed variations in nonlinearity based on alloy concentration in AlGaAs.

Conclusions:

The developed method offers a reliable way to quantify third-order nonlinearity in optical waveguides.
This technique simplifies the characterization process, making it more accessible.
The findings contribute to the understanding and design of nonlinear optical devices using various semiconductor materials.