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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Cognitive and executive functions in ADHD.

Guillermina Yáñez-Téllez1, Helena Romero-Romero, Liliana Rivera-García

  • 1Proyecto en Neurociencias, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. gyt@unam.mx

Actas Espanolas De Psiquiatria
|November 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit diverse cognitive deficits, particularly in executive functions (EF). These impairments correlate with hyperactive-impulsive behaviors, suggesting a link between cognitive function and ADHD symptoms.

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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Child Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with cognitive function alterations.
  • Executive function (EF) deficits are increasingly proposed as a core cause of ADHD symptoms.
  • Existing research presents discrepancies regarding the extent and nature of these cognitive deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess cognitive and executive functions in children with ADHD (hyperactive-impulsive and combined types).
  • To identify neuropsychological characteristics specific to ADHD subtypes.
  • To investigate the relationship between cognitive/executive functions and hyperactive-impulsive behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A neuropsychological battery, including the Stroop test, Wisconsin Card Sorting test (WCST), and London Tower test.
  • Study involved 51 children aged 7-12 years (26 with ADHD, 25 controls).

Main Results:

  • ADHD children demonstrated poorer performance across various cognitive domains: sustained attention, processing speed, working memory, and long-term memory.
  • Deficits were observed in executive functions, specifically on the WCST.
  • Hyperactivity-impulsivity correlated with errors and slower performance in tasks assessing attention, processing speed, and executive control (WCST).

Conclusions:

  • Children with ADHD exhibit a wide range of cognitive deficiencies.
  • Executive function deficits are present but not universally across all domains.
  • These cognitive and executive function impairments may partially explain the hyperactive and impulsive behaviors characteristic of ADHD.