Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Formation of the Platelet Plug

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...

Structure and Function of Platelets

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...

Introduction to Hemostasis

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides and PIPs

Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

Clot Retraction and Fibrinolysis

After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet Drugs: Prostaglandin Synthesis, P2Y12 and Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors

Antiplatelet drugs emerge as frontline defenders against the insidious threat of thromboembolic diseases, where abnormal clots obstruct vital blood vessels. These drugs stand as bulwarks, inhibiting platelet aggregation and clot formation, thereby mitigating the risk of life-threatening conditions like myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and thrombotic strokes.
Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors, exemplified by the widely known aspirin, wield their power by irreversibly acetylating...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Spatial remodeling of bone marrow architecture defines tissue-state signatures of disease activity and therapeutic response in myelodysplastic neoplasms.

Leukemia·2026

Same author

Sphingosine-1-phosphate cross-talks to Notch via a S1PR1-Dll4-MPDZ complex to regulate endothelial barrier function.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Restoration of Spermatogenesis is Dependent on Activation of a SPRY4-ERK Checkpoint Following Germline Stem Cell Damage.

Biology of reproduction·2026

Same author

Angiocrine breakdown in metabolically stressed fat.

Nature metabolism·2026

Same author

Selective targeting of endothelial and perivascular angiocrine ROCK2 treats liver fibrosis.

Cell·2026

Same author

Apolipoprotein M: Structural insights, functional roles, and therapeutic approaches in vascular disease.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

S1P and the birth of platelets.

Timothy Hla¹, Sylvain Galvani, Shahin Rafii

¹Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA. tih2002@med.cornell.edu

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

|November 21, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is crucial for platelet production, regulating proplatelet formation and shedding via the S1P(1) receptor. This discovery offers new therapeutic avenues for controlling platelet counts.

More Related Videos

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Published on: July 10, 2017

Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Under Flow using Microfluidic Flow Cells

Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Under Flow using Microfluidic Flow Cells

Published on: October 27, 2009

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Published on: July 10, 2017

Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Under Flow using Microfluidic Flow Cells

Platelet Adhesion and Aggregation Under Flow using Microfluidic Flow Cells

Published on: October 27, 2009

Area of Science:

Lipid signaling
Hematopoiesis
Immunology

Background:

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) mediates diverse biological functions, including immune cell trafficking and vascular development.
An S1P receptor modulator, FTY720/Gilenya, is clinically used for multiple sclerosis.
The role of S1P in thrombopoiesis remained largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of S1P and its receptors in thrombopoiesis.
To elucidate the mechanisms by which S1P regulates platelet production.
To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting the S1P pathway for platelet disorders.

Main Methods:

Analysis of S1P receptor function in platelet production.
Investigating the role of S1P gradients in thrombopoiesis.
Pharmacological modulation of S1P signaling and assessment of platelet counts.

Main Results:

The S1P(1) receptor is essential for proplatelet string formation and platelet shedding.
A steep S1P gradient between blood and interstitial fluid is critical for platelet production.
Modulation of S1P(1) receptor activity acutely affects circulating platelet numbers.
The S1P(4) receptor may also influence stress-induced thrombopoiesis.

Conclusions:

S1P signaling, particularly through the S1P(1) receptor, plays a novel and critical role in regulating thrombopoiesis.
The S1P/S1P(1) axis represents a potential therapeutic target for managing thrombocytopenic conditions.
Further research into S1P(4) receptor involvement in stress thrombopoiesis is warranted.