Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Destabilization of Microtubules01:45

Destabilization of Microtubules

The destabilization of microtubules can occur during different stages of the microtubule lifecycle, such as nucleation or elongation. It can take place at either end of the microtubule or in the microtubule lattices as a whole. The lifespan of individual microtubules within a cell varies according to the cell type and stage of the cell cycle. During interphase, the lifespan of the microtubule is about 30 minutes, while during cell division, it is about 15 minutes. In axonal microtubules of...
Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Anaphase A and B01:39

Anaphase A and B

Microtubules form through the end-to-end polymerization of tubulin heterodimers. Kinetochore microtubules originate from the spindle poles, and their plus-ends connect with the kinetochores on sister-chromatids. Ndc80 protein complexes, present on the kinetochore, form low-affinity links with the plus end of these kinetochore microtubules.
Plus-end depolymerization releases tubulin heterodimers from the terminal region of the microtubule. As tubulin subunits are lost, the Ndc80 complexes detach...
The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Dual-targeting LILRB3/LILRB4 CAR-T cells for the treatment of monocytic acute myeloid leukemia.

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Integrated analysis of transposon insertion sequencing and pangenome reveals core and lineage-specific essential genes in <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i>.

Microbial genomics·2026
Same author

Guide DNA Conformation Change-Triggered Activation of <i>Clostridium butyricum</i> Argonautes for Biosensing.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same author

L-carnosine alleviates wooden breast myopathy in broilers fed oxidized soybean oil: Focus on antioxidant defense, calcium homeostasis, and satellite cell function.

Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui)·2026
Same author

Matching-adjusted comparison of the effectiveness and safety of Ensitrelvir versus Remdesivir for high-risk, hospitalized patients with non-severe COVID-19 in Japan.

Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·2026
Same author

KLP-6 is a kinesin superfamily protein resistant to ADP inhibition.

Communications biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Identification of Kinesin-1 Cargos Using Fluorescence Microscopy
08:06

Identification of Kinesin-1 Cargos Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: February 14, 2016

KIF19A is a microtubule-depolymerizing kinesin for ciliary length control.

Shinsuke Niwa1, Kazuo Nakajima, Harukata Miki

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

Developmental Cell
|November 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Kinesin family protein KIF19A controls mammalian cilia length by depolymerizing microtubules. Loss of KIF19A causes elongated cilia, leading to hydrocephalus and infertility in mice.

More Related Videos

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles
07:47

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles

Published on: May 10, 2022

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends
12:20

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends

Published on: March 15, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Identification of Kinesin-1 Cargos Using Fluorescence Microscopy
08:06

Identification of Kinesin-1 Cargos Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: February 14, 2016

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles
07:47

Directly Measuring Forces Within Reconstituted Active Microtubule Bundles

Published on: May 10, 2022

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends
12:20

Preparation of Segmented Microtubules to Study Motions Driven by the Disassembling Microtubule Ends

Published on: March 15, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Mammalian Physiology

Background:

  • Cilia are crucial for maintaining mammalian body homeostasis by generating fluid flow.
  • Proper ciliary function depends on precise control of ciliary length.
  • The molecular mechanisms regulating ciliary length in mammals are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying ciliary length control in mammals.
  • To identify proteins involved in regulating ciliary length and their function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Kif19a knockout mice (Kif19a(-/-)) to study ciliary length regulation in vivo.
  • Investigated the localization of KIF19A within cilia using immunofluorescence.
  • Assessed the microtubule-depolymerizing activity of recombinant KIF19A in vitro using polymerized microtubules.

Main Results:

  • KIF19A, a kinesin superfamily member, was identified as a regulator of ciliary length.
  • KIF19A localizes to the tips of cilia and exhibits ATP-dependent microtubule-depolymerizing activity, primarily at microtubule plus ends.
  • Kif19a(-/-) mice exhibited abnormally elongated cilia, resulting in hydrocephalus and female infertility due to impaired fluid flow generation.

Conclusions:

  • KIF19A plays a critical role in regulating mammalian ciliary length by depolymerizing microtubules at the ciliary tip.
  • This mechanism is essential for proper ciliary function and maintaining homeostasis in mammals.
  • Dysregulation of KIF19A-mediated ciliary length control can lead to significant physiological defects.