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Related Concept Videos

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy01:30

Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy

Endoscopy is a non-surgical medical technique used to examine a person's internal organs and vessels. This lesson will focus on two types of endoscopic studies: bronchoscopy and thoracoscopy.
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
The Bronchial Tree01:23

The Bronchial Tree

The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease II: Emphysema

Emphysema, a major phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls and permanent enlargement of distal airspaces. Unlike chronic bronchitis, which primarily affects the airways, emphysema predominantly involves the lung parenchyma, where structural damage leads to airflow limitation.PathophysiologyIt most commonly results from prolonged exposure to cigarette smoke and other toxic gases, particularly cigarette smoke.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
10:19

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

Published on: November 10, 2014

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma with endobronchial involvement.

Gustavo Ferrer1, Guillermo Gutierrez, Arnold M Schwartz

  • 1*Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington, DC †Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Weston, FL.

Journal of Bronchology & Interventional Pulmonology
|November 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCL-U) is a rare skin cancer. This case study highlights PTCL-U presenting with lung lesions before skin symptoms, a first in medical literature.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration
10:19

Substernal Thyroid Biopsy Using Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration

Published on: November 10, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified (PTCL-U) is a rare lymphoproliferative malignancy.
  • It primarily affects the skin, with a poor prognosis and low survival rate.
  • Pulmonary involvement is uncommon (<10%) and associated with worse outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a unique case of PTCL-U.
  • To describe pulmonary involvement preceding skin manifestations.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a patient with PTCL-U.
  • Review of clinical presentation, imaging, and pathology.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with endobronchial and parenchymal lung lesions.
  • Skin manifestations appeared after the pulmonary findings.
  • This represents the first documented case of pulmonary PTCL-U preceding skin lesions.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary PTCL-U can manifest before skin lesions.
  • This presentation is rare and challenges typical diagnostic pathways.
  • Early recognition of unusual pulmonary findings is crucial for diagnosing PTCL-U.