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A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA
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A Simple, Robust, and High Throughput Single Molecule Flow Stretching Assay Implementation for Studying Transport of Molecules Along DNA

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Driving diffusionless transformations in colloidal crystals using DNA handshaking.

Marie T Casey1, Raynaldo T Scarlett, W Benjamin Rogers

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 220 South 33rd street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Nature Communications
|November 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Researchers created binary colloidal crystals using DNA-bridged microspheres. These crystals undergo diffusionless transformations to form lower-energy structures, analogous to metal phase transitions, enabling new metamaterial designs.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Crystals can undergo diffusionless transformations to achieve lower free energy states.
  • These transformations are common in metals, like the Martensitic transformation in iron.
  • Creating analogous transformations in synthetic materials is challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer binary colloidal crystals with tunable interactions using DNA bridges.
  • To investigate spontaneous symmetry changes in these colloidal crystals.
  • To explore the formation of kinetically inaccessible crystal structures.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized binary colloidal crystals from polymer microspheres linked by DNA bridges.
  • Controlled relative interaction strengths between different microsphere species.

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Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
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  • Cooled suspensions to observe spontaneous crystal formation and transformations.
  • Utilized detailed simulations to analyze crystal structures and free energies.

    • Main Results:

    • Spontaneous formation of compositionally ordered crystals with CsCl and CuAu-I symmetries.
    • Observation of diffusionless transformation from CsCl to CuAu-I structures.
    • Confirmation that CuAu-I has lower free energy than CsCl.
    • Demonstration that CuAu-I is not directly accessible from the fluid phase.

    Conclusions:

    • Diffusionless transformations are achievable in DNA-bridged colloidal crystals.
    • This provides an analog to Martensitic transformations in metals.
    • Enables the creation of novel metamaterials with kinetically inaccessible structures.