Endophthalmitis due to Mycobacterium avium in a patient with AIDS

A 27-year-old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] had endophthalmitis OS four years after a trabeculectomy was done. The patient had a history of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium. Examination showed an intact filtering bleb with inflammation and hypopyon formation in the anterior chamber OS. The M. avium was cultured from an anterior chamber paracentesis. The patient responded to treatment with gentamicin, cefazolin, and prednisolone. Infection with M. avium should be included in the differential diagnosis of endophthalmitis in patients with AIDS.