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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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Using gene expression data to identify certain gastro-intestinal diseases.

Philip S Crooke1, John T Tossberg, Sara N Horst

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. philip.s.crooke@vanderbilt.edu.

Journal of Clinical Bioinformatics
|November 23, 2012
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene expression profiling in blood can accurately differentiate between irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases. This blood test may offer a non-invasive method for diagnosing gastrointestinal conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The exact cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is unknown, unlike inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which are autoimmune.
  • Distinguishing between IBS and IBD can be challenging without invasive procedures, impacting treatment decisions.
  • Gene expression profiling in blood offers a potential non-invasive method for differential diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of gene expression profiling in blood for differentiating between IBS, IBD, and healthy controls.
  • To assess the ability of specific gene expression patterns to distinguish between different gastrointestinal conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure transcript levels of 45 genes in blood samples.
  • Three distinct analytical approaches were employed: a scoring system based on gene expression ratios and two types of support vector machines.

Main Results:

  • All applied methods demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating between various subject groups.
  • The methods successfully differentiated IBS from controls, IBD from controls, IBS from IBD, and even subtypes of IBD (ulcerative colitis from Crohn's disease).

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that gene expression profiling in blood is a promising tool for clinical use.
  • These approaches may enable accurate prediction of the presence of gastrointestinal diseases and syndromes, potentially reducing the need for invasive testing.