Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ultrahigh-<i>Q</i> Torsional Nanomechanics through Bayesian Optimization.

Nano letters·2026
Same author

Evidence for the Collective Nature of Radial Flow in Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2026
Same author

Evidence for the Dimuon Decay of the Higgs Boson in pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Evidence for Longitudinally Polarized W Bosons in the Electroweak Production of Same-Sign W Boson Pairs in Association with Two Jets in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Ultralow Loss Torsion Micropendula for Chipscale Gravimetry.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Imaging-Based Quantum Optomechanics.

Physical review letters·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Live Imaging to Quantify Cellular Radiosensitivity in Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids
05:39

Live Imaging to Quantify Cellular Radiosensitivity in Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids

Published on: April 5, 2024

Radiation-induced cancer: a modern view.

D J Shah1, R K Sachs, D J Wilson

  • 1Department of Radiology, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, UK. dhirenshah@nhs.net

The British Journal of Radiology
|November 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Diagnostic medical radiation, primarily from CT scans, is increasing population exposure. This review examines low-dose radiation cancer risks and the linear no-threshold model, highlighting uncertainties for future clinical and policy decisions.

More Related Videos

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
08:32

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes

Published on: May 23, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Live Imaging to Quantify Cellular Radiosensitivity in Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids
05:39

Live Imaging to Quantify Cellular Radiosensitivity in Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids

Published on: April 5, 2024

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
08:34

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes
08:32

Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen for Unveiling Radiosensitive and Radioresistant Genes

Published on: May 23, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Diagnostic medical radiation is the fastest-growing component of background radiation exposure in Western countries.
  • The increasing availability and use of CT scanning contribute significantly to this trend.
  • Assessing cancer induction risks from diagnostic radiation is therefore highly relevant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of potential cancer induction from low doses of sparsely ionizing radiation.
  • To discuss the mechanistic basis of radiation-induced cancer at low doses.
  • To explore controversies and future challenges related to diagnostic radiation and cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on low-dose radiation effects.
  • Explanation of mechanistic models for radiation-induced cancer.
  • Extrapolation of data from population cohort studies.
  • Analysis of the linear no-threshold model and its assumptions.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic medical radiation, particularly CT scans, is a growing source of population radiation exposure.
  • The linear no-threshold model is the basis for current risk estimates, derived from mechanistic understanding and epidemiological data.
  • Significant uncertainties exist in deriving accurate cancer risk estimates from epidemiological data at low doses.

Conclusions:

  • The increasing use of diagnostic medical radiation necessitates a thorough understanding of associated cancer risks.
  • The linear no-threshold model, while accepted, faces controversies and uncertainties, especially at low doses.
  • Addressing these uncertainties is crucial for clinicians and policymakers managing diagnostic radiation exposure and cancer risk.