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Related Concept Videos

Transient and Steady-state Response01:24

Transient and Steady-state Response

In control systems, test signals are essential for evaluating performance under various conditions. The ramp function is effective for systems undergoing gradual changes, while the step function is suitable for assessing systems facing sudden disturbances. For systems subjected to shock inputs, the impulse function is the most appropriate test signal.
These test signals are integral in designing control systems to exhibit two key performance aspects: transient response and steady-state response.
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Sound Intensity Level00:53

Sound Intensity Level

Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and hence a...
Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the emitted...
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

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A Method for Tracking the Time Evolution of Steady-State Evoked Potentials
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Auditory steady state response in sound field.

H Hernández-Pérez1, A Torres-Fortuny

  • 1Speech and Hearing Sciences Department, Cuban Neuroscience Center, Habana, Cuba.

International Journal of Audiology
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Auditory steady-state response (ASSR) testing in sound field conditions shows good correlation with traditional behavioral audiometry for estimating hearing thresholds in normal-hearing adults.

Area of Science:

  • Audiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Hearing Science

Background:

  • Conventional audiometry is the standard for assessing hearing thresholds.
  • Sound field testing presents unique challenges for accurate hearing assessment.
  • Auditory steady-state response (ASSR) offers a physiological measure of hearing sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare physiological (ASSR) and behavioral hearing thresholds in normal-hearing subjects.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of ASSR in sound field conditions.
  • To determine the correlation between ASSR and behavioral audiometry.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty normal-hearing adults participated in the study.
  • Auditory stimuli included carrier tones at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz.

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  • ASSR thresholds were estimated using a multiple frequency technique, compared with behavioral audiometry.

    • Main Results:

    • Average differences between ASSR and behavioral thresholds ranged from 17 to 22 dB HL.
    • Significant correlations were found between ASSR and behavioral thresholds across all tested frequencies (p < 0.05).
    • ASSR amplitude showed significant differences among frequencies and strong correlation with stimulus level (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • ASSR testing in sound field conditions provides reliable hearing threshold estimates.
    • ASSR results are well-correlated with behavioral audiometry findings.
    • ASSR is a viable physiological measure for hearing assessment in sound field environments.