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Immunogenicity, safety and tolerability of vaccinations in premature infants

Susanna Esposito1, Monica Fumagalli, Nicola Principi

  • 1Pediatric Clinic 1, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. susanna.esposito@unimi.it

Expert Review of Vaccines
|November 27, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants (PIs) have developing immune systems, making them vulnerable to infections. PIs should follow standard infant vaccination schedules, regardless of birth weight or prematurity, for optimal protection.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Neonates and young children exhibit functionally impaired immune defenses, leading to increased susceptibility and severity of infections.
  • Premature infants (PIs) possess a more compromised immune system compared to full-term infants, increasing their risk of serious infectious complications.
  • The severity of infectious issues in PIs correlates with the degree of prematurity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of the developing immune system in early life.
  • To analyze the impact of immune impairments on immunization efficacy in PIs.
  • To evaluate the response, safety, and tolerability of vaccines in PIs.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review analyzing existing data on infant immunity and vaccination.
  • Assessment of studies focusing on the immune response of premature infants to various vaccines.
  • Evaluation of vaccine safety and tolerability profiles in the premature infant population.

Main Results:

  • Data suggest that premature infants (PIs) can adhere to the standard vaccination schedule recommended for full-term infants.
  • Vaccination schedules for PIs should not be adjusted for prematurity or birth weight.
  • Current evidence supports the safety and tolerability of established vaccines in PIs.

Conclusions:

  • Premature infants (PIs) should receive vaccinations according to the standard schedule without prematurity correction.
  • Further research is essential to assess the efficacy and safety of newly approved and upcoming vaccines in PIs.
  • Consistent vaccination practices are crucial for protecting PIs against preventable infectious diseases.

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