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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology01:25

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management01:17

Urinary Tract Infection IV: Nursing Management

In managing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing, a comprehensive assessment is essential. Begin by gathering subjective data, such as the patient’s complaints of dysuria (painful urination), urinary frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain, and any lower abdominal discomfort. This information can be complemented by questions regarding previous UTIs, sexual activity, and personal hygiene practices, which can provide insight into risk factors. Objective assessment should focus on signs like...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
06:09

Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis

Published on: July 18, 2017

[E. coli acute pyelonephritis: prophylaxis].

P Minodier1, J Bréaud, E Bérard

  • 1Urgences enfants, CHU Nord, Chemin des Bourrelly, 13015 Marseille, France. philippe.minodier@ap-hm.fr

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Preventing recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children aims to avoid kidney scarring. Current evidence does not support routine antibiotic use, with concerns about antibiotic resistance and side effects.

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Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
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Intrarenal Injection of Escherichia coli in a Rat Model of Pyelonephritis
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Recurrent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection Triggered by Gardnerella vaginalis Bladder Exposure in Mice

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Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model
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Establishment and Characterization of UTI and CAUTI in a Mouse Model

Published on: June 23, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Urology

Context:

  • Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children pose a risk for long-term renal complications.
  • Establishing effective prevention strategies is crucial to mitigate sequelae like hypertension and end-stage renal failure.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of current strategies for preventing recurrent UTIs in children.
  • To analyze the evidence regarding antibioprophylaxis, alternative measures, and surgical interventions.

Summary:

  • A recent meta-analysis found no benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis for febrile UTIs in infants, irrespective of vesicoureteral reflux.
  • Concerns exist regarding adverse events and the promotion of antibiotic resistance (e.g., extended-spectrum beta-lactamases) with long-term antibiotic use.
  • Alternative preventive measures like cranberries, pre/probiotics are inconclusive; surgery is indicated for specific uropathies; dysfunctional elimination syndrome requires treatment.

Impact:

  • Current evidence challenges the routine use of antibioprophylaxis in pediatric recurrent UTIs.
  • Highlights the need for individualized treatment decisions in consultation with specialists.
  • Emphasizes the importance of addressing dysfunctional elimination syndrome as a key factor in management.