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Albumin infusion improves outcomes of patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a meta-analysis of randomized

Francesco Salerno1, Roberta J Navickis, Mahlon M Wilkes

  • 1Dipartimento di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi di Milano, Policlinico IRCCS San Donato, Milano, Italy. francesco.salerno@unimi.it

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology : the Official Clinical Practice Journal of the American Gastroenterological Association
|November 27, 2012
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Albumin infusion significantly reduces renal impairment and mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials confirms albumin

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Nephrology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Renal impairment is a significant predictor of mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).
  • Standard antibiotic treatment for SBP does not adequately address the risk of renal complications.
  • Albumin infusion has shown promise in mitigating renal impairment and improving survival in SBP patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • To quantify the impact of albumin infusion on renal impairment and mortality in SBP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Searched major medical databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov) for relevant RCTs.
  • Included four RCTs with a total of 288 patients.
  • Performed a fixed-effects model meta-analysis to combine data.

Main Results:

  • No significant heterogeneity or publication bias was detected among the included studies.
  • Albumin infusion reduced the incidence of renal impairment from 30.6% to 8.3% (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.11-0.42).
  • Mortality decreased from 35.4% in control groups to 16.0% in groups receiving albumin (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19-0.60).

Conclusions:

  • Albumin infusion is effective in preventing renal impairment in SBP patients.
  • Albumin infusion significantly reduces mortality associated with SBP.
  • The findings support the use of albumin infusion as an adjunct therapy for SBP.

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