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Related Experiment Videos

Development and plasticity of the primate cerebral cortex.

M L Schwartz1, P Goldman-Rakic

  • 1Section of Neuroanatomy, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.

Clinics in Perinatology
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Monkey association cortex development shows early, specified corticocortical connectivity, differing from sensory regions. This suggests prenatal brain development may be less influenced by environmental factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Primate Cortex Development

Background:

  • Corticocortical connectivity in developing monkey association cortex exhibits distinct patterns compared to sensory regions in other species.
  • Early development of these connections in monkeys suggests a significant role for intrinsic factors, potentially independent of environmental stimulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of corticocortical connectivity in the monkey association cortex.
  • To compare the developmental patterns in association cortex with those observed in sensory cortical regions.
  • To explore the influence of species-specific and region-specific factors on cortical development and environmental responsiveness.

Main Methods:

  • Studies of corticocortical connectivity in developing monkey association cortex.

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  • Comparison with existing data from sensory regions in other species, including cats and nonhuman primates.
  • Analysis of the timing of organizational features relative to birth.

    • Main Results:

    • Corticocortical connections in monkey association areas emerge early and are highly specified from the outset.
    • An adultlike pattern of organization is present up to a month before birth, indicating largely intrinsic determination.
    • This contrasts with sensory regions where development appears more influenced by environmental factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Developmental patterns of corticocortical connectivity vary between different cortical regions and species.
    • Prefrontal cortex development shows a higher degree of intrinsic specification compared to sensory areas.
    • While initial organization may be prenatally determined, later stages of circuitry development in the prefrontal cortex are subject to postnatal experience and environmental modification.