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Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

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The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

qPCR Is a Sensitive and Rapid Method for Detection of Cytomegaloviral DNA in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Biopsy Tissue

qPCR Is a Sensitive and Rapid Method for Detection of Cytomegaloviral DNA in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Biopsy Tissue

Published on: July 9, 2014

Decoding human cytomegalovirus.

Noam Stern-Ginossar¹, Ben Weisburd, Annette Michalski

¹Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisico, CA 94158, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 28, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers uncovered new details about the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome, revealing hundreds of previously unknown protein-coding regions. This discovery highlights the virus

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Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

qPCR Is a Sensitive and Rapid Method for Detection of Cytomegaloviral DNA in Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Biopsy Tissue

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Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates

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Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Dissecting Host-virus Interaction in Lytic Replication of a Model Herpesvirus

Published on: October 7, 2011

Area of Science:

Virology
Genomics
Molecular Biology

Background:

The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) genome, despite being sequenced 20 years ago, still holds many mysteries regarding its protein-coding potential.
Understanding the full scope of viral gene expression is crucial for comprehending viral replication and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally define the complete set of HCMV translation products.
To investigate the temporal expression patterns of these viral proteins.
To uncover novel coding elements within the HCMV genome.

Main Methods:

Utilized ribosome profiling to capture actively translated regions of the HCMV transcriptome.
Employed transcript analysis to identify and characterize viral RNA species.
Applied mass spectrometry to confirm the existence of predicted viral polypeptides.

Main Results:

Identified hundreds of previously undiscovered open reading frames (ORFs) within the HCMV genome.
Confirmed a subset of these novel ORFs through mass spectrometry analysis.
Demonstrated that regulated alternative transcript start sites are broadly utilized.
Showed that these alternative start sites enable precise temporal control of protein expression.
Revealed that a single genomic locus can generate multiple distinct polypeptides.

Conclusions:

The HCMV genome possesses a far greater coding capacity than previously appreciated.
Regulated alternative transcript start site usage is a key mechanism driving viral coding complexity.
This complexity allows for sophisticated temporal regulation of viral protein production.