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Related Concept Videos

Portal Hypertension01:22

Portal Hypertension

Portal hypertension is an increase in blood pressure within the portal venous system. Normally, this pressure is less than 5 mmHg. It is considered clinically significant when it rises above 10 mmHg. At this threshold, complications from altered blood flow and venous congestion emerge.EtiologyPortal hypertension arises from conditions that impede blood flow through the liver. The most common cause is cirrhosis, in which chronic liver injury leads to fibrotic scarring. This fibrosis narrows or...
Lysosomal Hydrolases01:22

Lysosomal Hydrolases

Lysosomes are the site for the degradation of macromolecules and biological polymers released during membrane trafficking events such as secretory, endocytic, autophagic, and phagocytic pathways. The membrane-enclosed area of the lysosome, called the lumen, contains hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment. These acid hydrolases are functional at a pH between 4.5 and 5 and are involved in cellular processes such as cell signaling, energy metabolism, restoration of the plasma membrane,...
Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Hepatic Encephalopathy01:29

Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
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Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Partial Bile Duct Ligation in the Mouse: A Controlled Model of Localized Obstructive Cholestasis
04:38

Partial Bile Duct Ligation in the Mouse: A Controlled Model of Localized Obstructive Cholestasis

Published on: March 28, 2018

Portal biliopathy.

Somnath Chattopadhyay, Samiran Nundy

    World Journal of Gastroenterology
    |November 28, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Portal hypertension can cause biliary ductal changes, sometimes leading to symptomatic obstruction. Portosystemic shunts are the primary treatment for symptomatic portal biliopathy, with endoscopic therapy for persistent cases.

    Keywords:
    Biliary obstructionExtrahepatic portal venous obstructionNon cirrhotic portal fibrosisPortal cavernomaProximal lienorenal shuntPseudosclerosing cholangitis

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    A Mouse Model of the Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy Procedure Aided by Microscopy

    Published on: January 19, 2024

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    Last Updated: May 16, 2026

    Partial Bile Duct Ligation in the Mouse: A Controlled Model of Localized Obstructive Cholestasis
    04:38

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    Published on: March 28, 2018

    A Mouse Model of the Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy Procedure Aided by Microscopy
    06:45

    A Mouse Model of the Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy Procedure Aided by Microscopy

    Published on: January 19, 2024

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
    • Radiology
    • Surgical Innovation

    Background:

    • Biliary ductal changes are frequent in portal hypertension, but symptomatic obstruction affects only 5%-30% of patients.
    • Pathogenesis involves venous collaterals, ischemia, and infection, though not fully elucidated.
    • Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography is the preferred diagnostic tool over endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

    Discussion:

    • Symptomatic portal biliopathy requires intervention, with portosystemic shunts as the primary treatment.
    • Post-shunt surgery, 15%-20% of patients may need further endoscopic or surgical management for residual biliopathy.
    • Endoscopic therapy is valuable for complications like bile duct stones, cholangitis, or when shunts are contraindicated.

    Key Insights:

    • Portal hypertension-induced biliary changes necessitate careful diagnosis and management.
    • Surgical shunting offers significant resolution for symptomatic portal biliopathy.
    • A multidisciplinary approach combining surgery and endoscopy optimizes patient outcomes.

    Outlook:

    • Further research into the precise pathogenesis of portal biliopathy may reveal novel therapeutic targets.
    • Advancements in imaging and endoscopic techniques will refine diagnosis and treatment strategies.
    • Long-term studies are needed to assess the durability of various treatment modalities for portal biliopathy.