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Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis I: Introduction

Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

Primary idiopathic chylopericardium: a case report.

Jian X Tan¹, Yalin Fu, Jie Chen

¹Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China.

Cardiology in the Young

|November 28, 2012

Summary

Primary idiopathic chylopericardium, a rare condition, was diagnosed in a child presenting with respiratory symptoms. Treatment involved thoracic duct ligation and pericardial window creation after initial drainage failed.

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An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

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Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Sterile Pericarditis in Aachener Minipigs As a Model for Atrial Myopathy and Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: September 24, 2021

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model

Published on: September 2, 2021

Area of Science:

Pediatric Cardiology
Thoracic Surgery
Rare Diseases

Background:

Primary idiopathic chylopericardium is an exceptionally rare condition, especially in pediatric patients.
It involves the accumulation of chyle within the pericardial sac.

Observation:

A 5-year-old boy presented with cough and dyspnea.
Clinical signs included chest wall bulging and diminished heart sounds, indicative of pericardial effusion.
Chest computed tomography confirmed the pericardial effusion's presence.

Findings:

Pericardial fluid analysis confirmed chylopericardium.
Initial management with continuous catheter drainage proved unsuccessful.
Surgical intervention, including thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct and pericardial window creation, was ultimately performed.

Implications:

This case highlights a successful surgical approach for refractory pediatric chylopericardium.
It underscores the importance of considering surgical options when conservative management fails.
The report contributes to the limited literature on managing this rare pediatric condition.