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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Low-dose IL-2 fails to expand Tregs after alemtuzumab: insight into impaired immune tolerance in multiple sclerosis.

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Alemtuzumab therapy for multiple sclerosis.

Alasdair J Coles1

  • 1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK. Ajc1020@medschl.cam.ac.uk

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|November 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alemtuzumab effectively treats early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) by reducing relapses and disability. Careful monitoring is essential due to potential side effects like autoimmunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Neurology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Alemtuzumab, a monoclonal antibody, depletes lymphocytes, altering the immune system.
  • Previously used for leukemia, it's now considered for multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Early immunotherapy is crucial for managing MS progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate alemtuzumab's efficacy and safety in treating relapsing-remitting MS.
  • To compare alemtuzumab with interferon beta-1a in clinical trials.

Main Methods:

  • Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials compared alemtuzumab to interferon beta-1a.
  • Alemtuzumab was administered over 5 days, with no further treatment for 12 months.

Main Results:

  • Alemtuzumab demonstrated superior efficacy in suppressing MS relapses compared to interferon beta-1a.
  • It also reduced disability accumulation and cerebral atrophy.
  • Key safety concerns include infusion reactions, infections, and autoimmunity (thyroid, ITP, anti-GBM).

Conclusions:

  • Alemtuzumab is an effective therapy for early relapsing-remitting MS, offering sustained disability improvement.
  • Its use necessitates vigilant monitoring for early detection and management of adverse events.