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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

Overview

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Related Experiment Videos

[Osteoporosis].

B Uelbelhart1, R Rizzoli

  • 1Service des maladies osseuses, Département des spécialités de médecine, HUG et Faculté de médecine, 1211, Genève 14. Brigitte.Uebelhart@hcuge.ch

Revue Medicale Suisse
|November 29, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) has modifiable results. New research highlights vitamin D

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics and Bone Health
  • Endocrinology
  • Rheumatology

Context:

  • Current research explores advancements in osteoporosis management and fracture prevention.
  • The cardiovascular safety of calcium supplements remains under investigation.
  • Emerging data reveal novel immunological functions of vitamin D.

Purpose:

  • To review recent findings and therapeutic options in bone health.
  • To discuss the efficacy and safety of various osteoporosis treatments.
  • To highlight new developments in fracture risk assessment and management.

Summary:

  • The fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) results can be influenced by various factors.
  • Denosumab demonstrates efficacy in preventing all fractures, irrespective of renal function.
  • Bisphosphonate therapy is associated with an increased risk of atypical subtrochanteric femoral fractures.
  • Teriparatide is effective for diverse bone conditions.
  • Bazedoxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is now accessible.
  • Vertebroplasty's effectiveness in relieving pain from osteoporotic vertebral fractures is not supported by meta-analysis.

Impact:

  • Provides an updated overview of osteoporosis treatments and their associated risks.
  • Informs clinical decision-making regarding fracture prevention strategies.
  • Highlights areas of ongoing research and clinical controversy in bone health.