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Seizures l: Introduction

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Understanding seizures and epilepsy relies on key definitions that help in recognizing, classifying, and managing these disorders. These definitions provide a framework for recognizing, classifying, and managing seizure disorders.DefinitionsA seizure is a sudden, abnormal burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in awareness, movement, sensation, or behavior, depending on the area involved. Epilepsy is a chronic condition characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures,...

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
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Seizures ll: Types

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Seizures are sudden bursts of abnormal electrical discharge in the brain that interfere with normal function. They are commonly divided into three groups: focal seizures, generalized seizures, and other types that do not fit neatly into either category.Focal SeizuresFocal seizures begin in a single brain region. When awareness is preserved, they are called focal aware seizures and may cause sensations such as tingling, unusual smells, or flashing lights. When awareness is impaired, they are...

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Epilepsy ll: Types

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Understanding the TXA seizure connection.

Debra A Schwinn¹, G Burkhard Mackensen, Emery N Brown

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Biochemistry, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1101, USA. debra-schwinn@uiowa.edu

The Journal of Clinical Investigation

|November 29, 2012

Summary

Transexamic acid (TXA) may cause seizures after cardiac surgery by inhibiting glycine receptors. Researchers investigated anesthetics to counteract this effect, potentially preventing postsurgical seizures.

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Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Cardiology

Background:

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an effective antifibrinolytic used to reduce blood loss in major surgeries.
Increased use of TXA has been linked to a rise in postsurgical seizure events, particularly in cardiac surgery patients.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential mechanism linking TXA to postsurgical seizures.
To explore the preclinical efficacy of anesthetics in mitigating TXA-induced seizures.

Main Methods:

The study explored the connection between TXA and glycine receptors.
Researchers examined the preclinical effectiveness of anesthetics that modulate TXA's inhibitory effects.

Main Results:

TXA-mediated inhibition of glycine receptors is suggested as a potential cause for postsurgical seizures.
The study identified common anesthetics that may prevent or modify these seizures.

Conclusions:

Glycine receptor inhibition by TXA is a plausible mechanism for postsurgical seizures.
Certain anesthetics show preclinical promise in managing TXA-associated seizure risk.