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Bioimpedance for oedema evaluation after total knee arthroplasty
Claude Pichonnaz1, Jean-Philippe Bassin, Damien Currat
1Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Applied Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland. claude.pichonnaz@hesav.ch
Summary
Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) can assess limb fluid after knee replacement surgery. Metallic implants from total knee arthroplasty (TKA) do not affect BIS measurements for oedema evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomedical Engineering
- Fluid Physiology
Background:
- Electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) non-invasively measures limb fluid.
- Post-surgical oedema evaluation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) needs reliable methods.
- The impact of TKA metallic implants on BIS measurements is unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the influence of TKA implants on BIS measurements.
- To assess the feasibility of using BIS for oedema evaluation post-TKA.
Main Methods:
- Prospective comparative clinical trial.
- Compared oedema-free TKA patients (n=15) with a control group (n=19).
- Assessed extracellular fluid (R0) and total fluid (Rinf) using BIS, with volume and perimeter as references.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in R0, Rinf, volume, or perimeter between TKA and control groups.
- R0 demonstrated the smallest mean percentage difference between groups.
- TKA group's lower-leg fluid measurements were comparable to controls.
Conclusions:
- TKA metallic implants do not alter BIS R0 and Rinf measurements.
- BIS, specifically R0, is suitable for oedema evaluation following TKA.
- BIS offers potential for early post-TKA oedema assessment, warranting further validation.
