Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 16, 2026
07:22
Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes
Published on: March 7, 2025
Diabetes and Oral Health: A Case-control Study
Jv Bharateesh1, Mansoor Ahmed, Ganganna Kokila
1Department of Community Dentistry, Sri Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Agalakote, Karnataka, India.
International Journal of Preventive Medicine
|November 29, 2012
Summary
Diabetic patients have a higher prevalence of periodontal disease (pyorrhea) but lower rates of dental caries compared to non-diabetics. This highlights the critical need for regular dental check-ups and oral health education for individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Area of Science:
- Oral Health Research
- Diabetology
- Public Health
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus is a global epidemic with significant implications for oral health.
- Oral health status is closely linked to the overall well-being of diabetic patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases (pyorrhea), and treatment needs in adult diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics in Tumkur city, India.
- To raise awareness among medical practitioners regarding oral manifestations of diabetes and the importance of regular dental care for diabetic individuals.
Main Methods:
- A comparative study involving 300 diabetic patients and 300 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls.
- Oral examinations were conducted over eight months following World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of dental caries was lower in diabetics (13.6%) than in non-diabetics (32.3%).
- Conversely, periodontal diseases (pyorrhea) were more prevalent in diabetics (92.6%) compared to non-diabetics (83%).
- Diabetic patients exhibited higher complex treatment needs (58%) than controls (41%).
Conclusions:
- Oral health is fundamental to general health, with periodontal status being compromised in diabetic individuals.
- Despite lower caries rates, diabetics require more complex dental treatments.
- Regular dental follow-ups and oral health education are essential for managing diabetes-related oral health issues.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
01:24Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
01:26Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Biguanides and Glitazones
Biguanides, particularly metformin (Glucophage), are insulin sensitizers that enhance glucose uptake, thereby reducing insulin resistance. Unlike sulfonylureas, metformin doesn't prompt insulin secretion, which helps to curb hypoglycemia risk. Metformin is beneficial in treating conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome due to its insulin-resistance reduction capability. The drug's primary action involves curtailing hepatic gluconeogenesis, a significant contributor to high blood glucose levels...
01:26Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology
Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...