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Related Concept Videos

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota

Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
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Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure
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Azole resistance in Aspergillus: an emerging problem?

E Vermeulen1, S Cooreman, J Maertens

  • 1Medical Diagnostic Sciences, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. edith.vermeulen@uzleuven.be

Acta Clinica Belgica
|November 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Emerging azole resistance in Aspergillus is a growing concern, causing treatment failures in invasive aspergillosis. Surveillance for resistant Aspergillus fumigatus strains is crucial, especially in environmental settings.

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Azole antifungal resistance in Aspergillus species is an increasing global health threat.
  • This resistance is a significant cause of treatment failure in patients with invasive aspergillosis.
  • Understanding the epidemiology, clinical impact, and molecular mechanisms of Aspergillus azole resistance is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the multifaceted problem of azole resistance in Aspergillus.
  • To elucidate the epidemiological trends and clinical consequences of resistant Aspergillus infections.
  • To detail the molecular mechanisms underlying acquired and intrinsic azole resistance in Aspergillus species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on Aspergillus azole resistance.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data regarding resistant Aspergillus strains.
  • Examination of molecular mechanisms, including CYP51A mutations and naturally resistant species.

Main Results:

  • Resistance in Aspergillus can be acquired (e.g., CYP51A mutations) or intrinsic to certain species.
  • Environmental emergence of resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, particularly pan-azole resistance, is increasing in regions like the Netherlands.
  • Invasive aspergillosis treatment failure is linked to the presence of azole-resistant Aspergillus strains.
  • In-patient resistance development can occur in chronic Aspergillus infections, such as aspergilloma.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental surveillance for azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus is essential.
  • Clinical isolates from patients undergoing antifungal therapy should be tested for susceptibility.
  • Voriconazole remains a primary treatment for invasive aspergillosis, but resistance necessitates ongoing monitoring and susceptibility testing.