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Long-term effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on tympanostomy tube placements

Ilona Sarasoja1, Jukka Jokinen, Mika Lahdenkari

  • 1Department of Vaccination and Immune Protection, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Tampere, Finland.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|November 30, 2012
PubMed

Insights

The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PncCRM) effectively reduced tympanostomy tube placements in children up to age five. While no further impact was seen after age five, the initial benefit of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines was sustained.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Vaccinology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Previous studies demonstrated the efficacy of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PncCRM) in reducing tympanostomy tube placements through age 4-5.
  • This study extends the evaluation to assess the long-term effectiveness of PncCRM and PncOMPC pneumococcal conjugate vaccines up to 13 years of age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of PncCRM and PncOMPC pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in preventing tympanostomy tube placements from 2 to 13 years of age.
  • To determine the age-dependent impact of these vaccines on otitis media surgical interventions.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 2497 children vaccinated with PncCRM, PncOMPC, or a hepatitis B control vaccine from infancy.
  • Data on tympanostomy tube placements were collected from comprehensive health registers covering hospital and private office procedures.
  • Vaccine efficacy was calculated by comparing the incidence of tympanostomies in vaccine groups versus the control group between ages 2 and 13.

Main Results:

  • A total of 535 tympanostomy tube placements were recorded between ages 2 and 13 in the control group (cumulative incidence 14.6%).
  • Vaccine effectiveness was significant for PncCRM up to age 5 (34% effectiveness), but not for PncOMPC in the same age group (6% effectiveness).
  • No significant vaccine effectiveness was observed for either PncCRM or PncOMPC in the older age group (6 to 13 years).

Conclusions:

  • The PncCRM vaccine demonstrated effectiveness in reducing tympanostomy tube placements through age 5.
  • No additional impact on surgical procedures was observed beyond age 5.
  • The benefits achieved by the PncCRM vaccine in early childhood were sustained over the follow-up period.
Abstract

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