Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features.
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
Sanger Sequencing01:57

Sanger Sequencing

DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

<i>MetaHarmonizer</i> : robust biomedical metadata harmonization and a contamination control for inflated LLM performance on public benchmarks.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Smooth Muscle Cell-Specific Expression of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase 10a Promotes the Development of Medial Artery Calcification.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·2026
Same author

Toward relational biosecurity: understanding AI-enabled biology as a connected system.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026
Same author

A pivotal Wnt antagonist role promoting digit joint specification by constraining Wnt activity.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Large-scale manual curation and harmonization of metadata from metagenomic and cancer genomic repositories: challenges and solutions.

Database : the journal of biological databases and curation·2026
Same author

The Common Fund Data Ecosystem (CFDE).

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'New origin firing is inhibited by APC/CCdh1 activation in S-phase after severe replication stress'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

VeloRM: disentangling pre- and post-splicing RNA modification dynamics at single-cell resolution.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Accessibility of telomeric overhangs to stabilizing small-molecule ligands.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Multivalent interactions mediate SNAIL transcription factor stimulation of the nucleosome deacetylase activity of the CoREST complex.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Genome-wide mapping of DNA G-quadruplexes in Trypanosoma brucei chromatin reveals enrichment in coding regions and transcription start sites.

Nucleic acids research·2026
Same journal

Correction to 'The Gene Ontology knowledgebase in 2026'.

Nucleic acids research·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

NCBI GEO: archive for functional genomics data sets--update.

Tanya Barrett1, Stephen E Wilhite, Pierre Ledoux

  • 1National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine and Molecular Genetics Section, Genetics Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. barrett@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nucleic Acids Research
|November 30, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) is a public data repository for functional genomics. Recent updates include GEO2R, a tool to help researchers analyze GEO data.

More Related Videos

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&#38;RUN Sequencing Data
04:58

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&RUN Sequencing Data

Published on: December 13, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization
03:08

Using Human Differentially Expressed Gene Lists to Perform Downstream Pathway Enrichment Analysis and Target Prioritization

Published on: October 3, 2025

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&#38;RUN Sequencing Data
04:58

Introductory Analysis and Validation of CUT&RUN Sequencing Data

Published on: December 13, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Bioinformatics
  • Genomics
  • Data Science

Background:

  • The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) is a vital international public repository for functional genomic datasets.
  • It archives high-throughput microarray and next-generation sequencing data from the research community.
  • The resource ensures data is indexed, cross-linked, and searchable for broad accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the current status and recent developments of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.
  • To highlight new tools and strategies for data querying, analysis, and visualization.
  • To introduce GEO2R, an R-based web application for analyzing GEO data.

Main Methods:

  • The study describes the infrastructure of the GEO repository, including data archiving and metadata management.
  • It outlines the web-based tools and strategies available for data access and analysis.
  • The development and functionality of GEO2R are detailed as a key recent advancement.

Main Results:

  • GEO continues to serve as a comprehensive public repository for functional genomic data.
  • New developments enhance data accessibility, analysis, and visualization capabilities for researchers.
  • The release of GEO2R provides a user-friendly, R-based solution for analyzing GEO datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) remains a critical resource for the genomics research community.
  • Ongoing developments, such as GEO2R, improve the utility and analytical power of the repository.
  • These advancements facilitate deeper insights from functional genomic data, supporting scientific discovery.