[Drug penetrability and etiologic diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis in men]

The prostate gland, like other glandular organs, is rich in blood and lymphatic vessels and nerves, which are the important histological factors for obtaining nutrition as well as for the endocrine and exocrine functions of the glands. Antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial drugs administered to patients by the oral, IM, IV or even topical routes are absorbed into the blood and transported to the prostate and other organs, where they can diffuse into the extravascular tissues through the walls of normal and damaged capillaries. The permeability of the prostate is enhanced by inflammatory reactions in the prostatic tissue, which is responsible for exudation or leakage of leukocytes and red blood cells, and drugs in the blood can enter the extravascular tissue of the prostate as well as diffuse into the prostatic secretions. The prostate lesions in patients with prostatitis or other prostatic diseases are caused by different types of pathogenic agents with various properties, and these diseases are characterized by a longer process of damage and a variety of pathological changes. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of prostatitis are relatively complex and difficult challenges hut meanwhile simple and easy matters for clinicians, and the difficulty or easiness is related not to the drug penetrability of the prostate, but largely to the understanding of the biological properties of the pathogenic agents, the physiological and pathological conditions of the patient's body and prostate, and the properties of drugs. The common factors that cause difficult treatment of prostatitis include clinical and laboratory misdiagnoses, release of pathogenic agents within pyogenic or necrotic prostatic tissues, variation of pathogenic agents, reinfection by other pathogens, and choice and administration of drugs.