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Related Concept Videos

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term proteomics...
Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Overview of Exosomes01:36

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...
The Proteasome Structure01:17

The Proteasome Structure

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is a well-known mechanism utilized by eukaryotic cells to remove cytoplasmic proteins that are misfolded, damaged, or no longer needed. In this pathway, the protein that needs to be eliminated undergoes a process called ubiquitination, where a chain of ubiquitin molecules is attached to the 48th lysine residue of the target protein. This ubiquitin modification helps the proteasome distinguish between a target protein and a healthy protein.
The proteasome is an...

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Updated: May 16, 2026

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification
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Published on: November 15, 2017

Exoproteomics: exploring the world around biological systems.

Jean Armengaud1, Joseph A Christie-Oleza, Gérémy Clair

  • 1CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Biochim System Perturb, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, F-30207, France. jean.armengaud@cea.fr

Expert Review of Proteomics
|December 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

The exoproteome, proteins outside cells, reveals a system's health and environmental interactions. Advanced proteomic techniques enhance the study of these crucial extracellular proteins.

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Published on: April 11, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Proteomics
  • Extracellular Biology
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • The exoproteome comprises stable proteins in the extracellular environment, originating from secretion, export, or cell lysis.
  • Exoproteome proteins reflect cellular physiological states and organism-environment interactions.
  • Traditional views of exoproteomes are being transformed by high-throughput proteomic technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and highlight the exploitation of advanced proteomic approaches for exoproteome analysis.
  • To illustrate methodologies for studying exoproteomes from diverse biological systems.
  • To discuss the implications of exoproteome data for proteogenomics and novel protein function discovery.

Main Methods:

  • High-throughput proteomic strategies, particularly shotgun proteomics.
  • High-resolution mass spectrometry for detailed exoproteome profiling.
  • Comparative analysis of exoproteomes across different organisms and conditions.

Main Results:

  • Advanced methods enable comprehensive exoproteome characterization from various sample origins.
  • Methodologies for studying secretion in eukaryotes, pathogens, and environmental bacteria are presented.
  • Examples demonstrate the utility of exoproteome analysis in understanding biological systems.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized exploitation of new proteomic technologies maximizes information from exoproteome samples.
  • Exoproteome studies provide valuable insights into cellular physiology, pathogenicity, and ecological roles.
  • Exoproteome data are crucial for advancing proteogenomics and identifying new protein functions.