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Related Experiment Videos

Low-dose caffeine discrimination in humans.

R R Griffiths1, S M Evans, S J Heishman

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
|March 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Caffeine

Area of Science:

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Human experimental psychology

Background:

  • Dietary caffeine intake can confound studies on caffeine's effects.
  • Human volunteers abstained from dietary caffeine sources prior to the study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the discriminability and subjective effects of caffeine in humans.
  • To identify the lowest discriminable dose of caffeine.
  • To characterize subtle psychotropic effects of low caffeine doses.

Main Methods:

  • A novel drug discrimination procedure was employed.
  • Seven human volunteers participated in double-blind, placebo-controlled sessions.
  • Subjects ingested two capsules sequentially, one containing caffeine and the other placebo, and identified the caffeine capsule.

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Main Results:

  • All subjects rapidly acquired the initial caffeine discrimination (100 or 178 mg vs. placebo).
  • Discrimination accuracy and confidence increased with caffeine dose.
  • Individual differences in the lowest discriminable dose ranged from 10 to 56 mg.
  • 100 mg caffeine increased alertness, well-being, and self-confidence, while decreasing headache and sleepiness.

Conclusions:

  • Caffeine exhibits biological activity at lower doses than previously recognized.
  • Subjective effects, such as mood and socializing, were key discriminators.
  • The methodology may be broadly applicable for studying subtle psychotropic effects of other drugs.