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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inotropic Agents

Positive inotropic agents are commonly used as the first line of treatment for heart failure. One such agent is digoxin, derived from the genus Digitalis, which has been known for centuries but effectively utilized since 1785. However, these cardiac glycosides can have potentially toxic effects due to their mechanism of action, which involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase and increasing contractility. Digoxin is absorbed orally and distributed in various tissues, including the CNS. It has a long...
Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers01:22

Heart Failure Drugs: β-Blockers

β-adrenergic antagonists, commonly known as β-blockers, block the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters such as noradrenaline (NA) and adrenaline (ADR). They have several beneficial effects in heart failure treatment. They reduce heart rate, the force of contraction, and cardiac muscle relaxation. They also slow the atrial-ventricular conduction rate and raise the threshold for arrhythmias. The concentration of β-blockers determines their effects on bronchodilation, vasodilation, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Establishing a Swine Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Heart Failure for Stem Cell Treatment
08:24

Establishing a Swine Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Heart Failure for Stem Cell Treatment

Published on: May 25, 2020

Phytotherapy in heart failure.

D Loew1

  • 1Institut für klinische Pharmakologie, Universität Frankfurt/Main, Germany.

Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology
|December 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Standardized Crataegus extracts show unique positive inotropic effects and improve heart function, offering a potential alternative to synthetic drugs for heart failure patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Herbal Medicine

Background:

  • Heart failure management often relies on synthetic inotropic drugs.
  • There is a need for alternative therapeutic options with distinct mechanisms of action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the pharmacological effects and clinical efficacy of standardized Crataegus extracts in heart failure.
  • To compare Crataegus extracts with conventional inotropic agents.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigations of Crataegus extract's effects on cardiac function.
  • Randomized double-blind clinical trials assessing efficacy in heart failure patients (NYHA Grade II).

Main Results:

  • Crataegus extracts exhibit positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic effects, alongside negative bathmotropic effects.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

Establishing a Swine Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Heart Failure for Stem Cell Treatment
08:24

Establishing a Swine Model of Post-myocardial Infarction Heart Failure for Stem Cell Treatment

Published on: May 25, 2020

  • These extracts enhance coronary and myocardial perfusion, reduce peripheral resistance, and conserve oxygen and energy.
  • Clinical trials demonstrated improvements in key efficacy surrogates for heart failure.

    • Conclusions:

    • Standardized Crataegus extracts possess a unique pharmacological profile distinct from synthetic inotropic drugs.
    • Crataegus extracts represent a viable alternative therapeutic option for patients with NYHA Grade II heart failure.