Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches01:28

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...
Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters01:01

Dosage Regimens: Partial Pharmacokinetic Parameters

It is not uncommon for complete drug pharmacokinetic profiles to remain elusive in pharmacokinetics. This necessitates certain educated assumptions by pharmacokineticists to determine appropriate dosage regimens without comprehensive pharmacokinetic data from animal or human studies. One prevalent assumption is setting the bioavailability factor, denoted as F, to 1 or 100%. This assumption caters to the scenario where a drug doesn't achieve full systemic absorption, resulting in the patient...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations01:23

Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations

Nomograms and tabulations are vital tools used by clinicians to design accurate and individualized dosage regimens. These instruments provide a straightforward method for adjusting dosages based on individual patient characteristics, including age, weight, and physiological condition. The foundation of a drug's nomogram is population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using specific models. This data simplifies complex equations, presenting them diagrammatically or tabularly for easy...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Secondary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura with features of Evans syndrome in a patient with SLE.

BMJ case reports·2026
Same author

AAV8-mediated mouse/human PROC expression rescues thrombophilia in hereditary protein C-deficient mice.

Gene therapy·2026
Same author

Sustained Correction of Hereditary Antithrombin Deficiency in Mice by AAV8-Mediated Gene Delivery.

Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology·2026
Same author

A data reduction workflow for mass spectrometry proteoform testing in the clinical laboratory: from antithrombin peaks to diagnosis.

Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine·2026
Same author

CRE26-069: Human Herpesvirus-8 Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease Presenting as Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN·2026
Same author

CRE26-070: Refractory Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy as a Paraneoplastic Presentation of Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

Creating a genotype-based dosing algorithm for acenocoumarol steady dose.

Juan J Cerezo-Manchado1, Mario Rosafalco, Ana I Antón

  • 1Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, University of Murcia, Avda. De los Vélez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain.

Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|December 1, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new algorithm predicts acenocoumarol dosage using clinical factors and genetic variants (VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP4F2). This pharmacogenetic approach improves dose estimation accuracy, especially for patients requiring higher or lower doses.

More Related Videos

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications
09:39

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications

Published on: January 27, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 16, 2026

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry
10:17

High-throughput and Comprehensive Drug Surveillance Using Multisegment Injection-Capillary Electrophoresis-Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 23, 2019

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications
09:39

Drug-induced Sensitization of Adenylyl Cyclase: Assay Streamlining and Miniaturization for Small Molecule and siRNA Screening Applications

Published on: January 27, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Clinical Pharmacology
  • Drug Metabolism

Background:

  • Acenocoumarol is a widely used anticoagulant for thromboembolic disorders.
  • Limited pharmacogenetic data exists for acenocoumarol dosing compared to warfarin.
  • Accurate dosing is crucial to prevent complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a predictive algorithm for stable acenocoumarol dosage.
  • To investigate the utility of clinical and genetic factors in dose prediction.
  • To improve therapeutic outcomes for acenocoumarol-treated patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 973 patients to develop the algorithm.
  • Validation in an independent cohort of 2,683 patients.
  • Incorporation of clinical data (age, BMI, BSA) and genetic polymorphisms (VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP4F2).

Main Results:

  • The combined clinical and genetic algorithm explained up to 50% of stable acenocoumarol dose variance (R²=0.48).
  • The algorithm improved dose forecasting by 30% compared to clinical factors alone.
  • Accurate dose estimates within 20% of the actual dose were achieved, particularly for extreme dose requirements.

Conclusions:

  • A novel prediction algorithm integrating clinical and genetic factors for acenocoumarol dosing was developed.
  • This pharmacogenetic approach enhances dose estimation accuracy, benefiting patients with variable dose needs.
  • The algorithm aids in optimizing acenocoumarol therapy and potentially reducing treatment-related complications.