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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Published on: January 12, 2024

Intraocular lymphoma: a clinical perspective.

¹Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. jdavis@med.miami.edu

Eye (London, England)

|December 1, 2012

Summary

Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare, aggressive cancer. While ocular treatments may stabilize eye symptoms, they often don't prevent central nervous system (CNS) involvement, highlighting the disease's poor prognosis.

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Oncology
Neurology

Background:

Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare malignancy with a propensity to invade ocular and central nervous system (CNS) microenvironments.
While the eye is involved in 20% of primary CNS lymphomas, approximately 80% of PVRL cases eventually involve the brain.
Most PVRL cases are B-cell lymphomas, with rarer T-cell lymphomas metastasizing to the vitreous and retina.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment controversies of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.
To emphasize the challenges in differentiating intraocular lymphoma from uveitis and the diagnostic modalities available.
To discuss treatment strategies for intraocular lymphoma and their impact on CNS disease progression.

Main Methods:

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Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

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Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Intravital Imaging of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in Murine Small Intestine

Published on: June 24, 2019

Review of existing literature on primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.
Analysis of diagnostic techniques including cytology, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, molecular detection, and cytokine profiling.
Evaluation of treatment approaches, including systemic chemotherapy, ocular adjunctive treatments, and their efficacy regarding CNS involvement.

Main Results:

Distinguishing PVRL from uveitis can be clinically challenging due to overlapping features and reactive inflammation.
Ocular fluid analysis for diagnosis is technically demanding but crucial.
While ocular treatments can improve vision and stabilize intraocular disease, they do not prevent CNS progression, indicating a poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

PVRL is a highly malignant disease requiring a multidisciplinary approach involving pathologists, oncologists, and open patient communication.
Current treatments for ocular-limited disease may not alter the high rate of CNS involvement.
Further research is needed to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes for PVRL.