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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Development of an IFN-&#947; ELISpot Assay to Assess Varicella-Zoster Virus-specific Cell-mediated Immunity Following Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation
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Cellular immunity in ASFV responses.

Haru-Hisa Takamatsu1, Michael S Denyer, Anna Lacasta

  • 1The Pirbright Institute (formerly Institute for Animal Health), Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom. haru.takamatsu@pirbright.ac.uk

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|December 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pigs surviving African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection develop immunity, with CD8(+) T-cells crucial for protection. Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T-cells correlate with resistance to ASFV challenge.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Immunology
  • Swine Health

Background:

  • African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a severe hemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs, often with near 100% mortality.
  • Pigs can survive less virulent ASFV strains, developing resistance and potentially chronic infections.
  • Natural killer cell activity increases during asymptomatic ASFV infections, suggesting a role in immunity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunological mechanisms underlying protective immunity against ASFV in pigs.
  • To determine the role of specific lymphocyte subsets, particularly CD8(+) T-cells, in ASFV immunity.
  • To explore potential correlates of protection, including T-cell responses, for ASFV vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of immune responses in pigs surviving ASFV infection.
  • Depletion studies of CD8(+) lymphocytes in ASFV-immune pigs.
  • DNA immunization studies correlating T-cell responses with protection against ASFV challenge.
  • Flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to quantify specific T-cell populations (CD4(+)CD8(high+)) and cytokine production (IFNγ).

Main Results:

  • Depletion of CD8(+) lymphocytes abrogated protective immunity against virulent ASFV, indicating antibodies alone are insufficient.
  • DNA immunization induced antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cells and correlated with protection against lethal ASFV challenge.
  • Protected pigs exhibited higher proportions of ASFV-specific CD4(+)CD8(high+) cytotoxic T cells and IFNγ-producing T cells compared to diseased pigs.
  • The frequency of ASFV-specific IFNγ-producing T cells correlated with the degree of protection, suggesting potential for cross-protection.

Conclusions:

  • CD8(+) T-cells play a critical role in protective immunity against African swine fever virus.
  • Vaccine-induced CD8(+) T-cell responses are a key correlate of protection against ASFV.
  • IFNγ production by T cells may serve as a useful indicator for assessing ASFV vaccine efficacy and potential cross-protection.