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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 16, 2026

Fat Preference: A Novel Model of Eating Behavior in Rats
05:57

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Published on: June 27, 2014

FTO, obesity and the adolescent brain.

Melkaye G Melka1, Jesse Gillis, Manon Bernard

  • 1The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Human Molecular Genetics
|December 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Genetic variations in the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene (FTO) link higher body fat with lower brain volume in adolescents. These findings suggest FTO influences both fat and brain development early in life.

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroscience
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Genetic variations in the FTO gene are linked to obesity.
  • Previous studies suggest FTO gene variations are associated with reduced brain volumes in the elderly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between FTO gene variations and total brain volume in adolescents.
  • To explore potential developmental effects of FTO on brain volume and body composition.

Main Methods:

  • Studied a population-based sample of 598 adolescents.
  • Measured brain volume using magnetic resonance imaging.
  • Assessed total body fat and body mass index; tested genotype-phenotype associations.

Main Results:

  • The FTO G allele (rs9930333) was associated with higher total body fat (P=0.002) and lower brain volume (P=0.005).
  • A shared inverse variance between brain volume and total body fat was significantly associated with FTO (P=5.5 × 10⁻⁶).
  • Results were replicated in independent samples and a meta-analysis (n=1729) confirmed the association (P=1.3 × 10⁻⁹).

Conclusions:

  • FTO gene variations are associated with an inverse relationship between body adiposity and brain volume.
  • These effects may originate during early development, potentially during embryogenesis.
  • FTO may exert opposing effects on adipose and brain tissues during development.