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Comparison of lea gratings with cardiff acuity cards for vision testing of preverbal children
Kruti H Mody1, Mihir T Kothari, Aparna Sil
1Department of Squint and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Wadala, Mumbai, India.
Insights
This study established normative visual acuity data using Lea Gratings (LG) in Indian children, finding it comparable to the Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC) test, despite CAC yielding slightly better results. The LG test was also faster to administer.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Optometry
- Public Health
Background:
- Establishing normative visual acuity (VA) data is crucial for diagnosing visual impairments in pre-verbal children.
- The Lea Gratings (LG) and Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC) are common tools for assessing VA in young children.
- Limited normative data exists for LG in the Indian pediatric population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To generate normative visual acuity (VA) data for Lea Gratings (LG) in Indian pre-verbal children.
- To compare the performance of LG with the Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC) in assessing VA.
- To evaluate the time efficiency of LG versus CAC.
Main Methods:
- Normative data was collected from 100 healthy Indian children aged 6 months to 3 years.
- Visual acuity was measured monocularly and binocularly using both LG and CAC.
- Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Student's paired t-test were used for statistical analysis.
Main Results:
- Normative LG data in Indian children aligned with previously published data.
- Visual acuity measurements showed high correlation between LG and CAC (Pearson's r=0.98 binocularly, 0.63 monocularly).
- LG demonstrated a significantly shorter test administration time compared to CAC (P<0.001).
Conclusions:
- Lea Gratings (LG) provide reliable normative visual acuity data for Indian pre-verbal children.
- Both LG and CAC are comparable for VA assessment, with LG being more time-efficient.
- These findings support the use of LG in pediatric eye screening programs in India.
Aims:
To create a normative data for lea grating (LG) in the Indian population and to compare LG with Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC).
Settings And Design:
Normative Data was acquired from normal children between 6 months-3 years coming to the 'Immunisation Clinic' and 'Well-Baby Clinic' at a Civil Hospital. To compare LG with CAC, normal and amblyopic children between 6 months-3 years were evaluated,
Materials And Methods:
Monocular and binocular visual acuity (VA) was measured using LG and then CAC. VA and time taken to perform the test were compared.
Statistical Analysis Used:
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient to compare VA and Student paired t-test (significance P<0.005) to compare time.
Results:
Two standard deviations of VA of 100 normal children overlapped with that published by Lea. Of the 30 amblyopic children aged 18.32 ± 10.5 months (2-36), 18 were females. VA was 0.95 ± 0.3 logMAR (0.7-1.2) and 1.0 ± 0.6 logMAR (0.5-2.1) binocularly and 1.32 ± 0.08 logMAR (0.2-0.6) and 1.15 ± 0.15 logMAR (0.88-1.48) monocularly on CAC and LG respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98 and 0.63 for binocular and monocular assessment respectively. Time taken to perform LG monocularly and binocularly was significantly less (P<0.001) than CAC.
Conclusion:
Normative data acquired in Indian pre-verbal children is similar to that published by Lea. Though VA by CAC is better than LG, the two tests are comparable.
